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State of Decarbonization: ​​Progress in U.S. Commercial Buildings 2023

Achieving U.S. climate goals will require deep reductions across the U.S. commercial real estate sector. This report brings together key data and mechanisms for reducing buildings’ carbon emissions, and highlights where the commercial building sector is making progress and areas that pose a challenge to decarbonization targets.

State of Decarbonization: Progress in U.S. Commercial Buildings 2023, first released at COP28, is the first report to bring together, in one place, a discussion of the U.S. commercial real estate sector’s progress, the current status of data availability, and an exploration of the mechanisms and levers available to reduce the carbon emissions of commercial buildings in the United States. With full citations, sources, and methodology provided, these analyses focus on energy and operational emissions where data are more robust and actions more mature.

This report complements USGBC’s growing body of critical new resources for building decarbonization, to help policymakers, advocates, and companies understand the landscape and develop strategies to achieve the urgent scale of action needed.

Charts and graphs

We have provided tables and charts to facilitate use of the report’s resources. Unless otherwise stated, the graphics provided are the property of USGBC and are protected by intellectual property laws. You may freely download and copy the material with attribution.

Recommended citation
Melanie Colburn, Tess McNamara, and Linda Toth, State of Decarbonization: Progress in U.S. Commercial Buildings 2023, U.S. Green Buildings Council (USGBC), 2023, https://www.usgbc.org/resources/state-decarbonization-progress-us-commercial-buildings-2023

9. U.S. GHG Emissions - Sector vs Built Area Intensity (1990-2021)

9. U.S. GHG Emissions - Sector vs Built Area Intensity (1990-2021)

13. GHG Emissions by Sector (2021)

13. GHG Emissions by Sector (2021)

14. Commercial Energy Improvements by ASHRAE 90.1 Version

14. Commercial Energy Improvements by ASHRAE 90.1 Version

14. Equivalent State Minimum Energy Code Relative to ASHRAE 90.1 Version

14. Equivalent State Minimum Energy Code Relative to ASHRAE 90.1 Version

15. eGrid Region Generation vs Emissions (2021)

15. eGrid Region Generation vs Emissions (2021)

16. Largest Generating and Cleanest eGrid Regions (2021)

16. Largest Generating and Cleanest eGrid Regions (2021)

19. U.S. Decarbonization Pathways by Sector

19. U.S. Decarbonization Pathways by Sector

20. Commercial Building Emissions and Intensities for Selected States

20. Commercial Building Emissions and Intensities for Selected States

21. Relative Embodied Carbon Impact from U.S. Construction (2008-2018)

21. Relative Embodied Carbon Impact from U.S. Construction (2008-2018)

23. Fortune Global 500's GHG Reduction Targets

23. Fortune Global 500's GHG Reduction Targets

24. Commercial REITs Typology Breakdown

24. Commercial REITs Typology Breakdown

27. U.S Commercial Scope 1 and 2 Emissions

27. U.S Commercial Scope 1 and 2 Emissions

28. Buildings Quantity vs. Total Floor Area by Typology and Ownership Type

28. Buildings Quantity vs. Total Floor Area by Typology and Ownership Type

29. Median Site EUI by Typology (2012-2021)

29. Median Site EUI by Typology (2012-2021)

30. Notable Differences Between Median Site EUI vs. Building Area (2021)

30. Notable Differences Between Median Site EUI vs. Building Area (2021)

31. California GHG Intensity and EUI By Location

31. California GHG Intensity and EUI By Location

31. GHG Emissions and Building GSF by Typology

31. GHG Emissions and Building GSF by Typology

34. Commercial New Construction by State Energy Code

34. Commercial New Construction by State Energy Code

35. Projected Grid Emissions Intensity by 2050

35. Projected Grid Emissions Intensity by 2050

36. Heating Source CO2e Emissions by eGRID Region

36. Heating Source CO2e Emissions by eGRID Region

38. Commercial Demand Response Program Enrollment

38. Commercial Demand Response Program Enrollment

39. Hourly Emissions and Demand Response

39. Hourly Emissions and Demand Response

40. EV Registrations and Charging Stations vs. Total Vehicles

40. EV Registrations and Charging Stations vs. Total Vehicles

41. Commercial Sector Distributed Photovoltaic Growth

41. Commercial Sector Distributed Photovoltaic Growth

41. Commercial Sector Heat Pump and LED Growth

41. Commercial Sector Heat Pump and LED Growth

44. Buildings Reporting Under Mandatory Benchmarking Policies by U.S. City-13

44. Buildings Reporting Under Mandatory Benchmarking Policies by U.S. City-13

49. Building Renovations Spend with IRA Projections

49. Building Renovations Spend with IRA Projections

50. Estimated Building Retrofit Tax Deductions by ASHRAE 90.1 Standards

50. Estimated Building Retrofit Tax Deductions by ASHRAE 90.1 Standards

51. Commissioning Market Penetration

51. Commissioning Market Penetration

51. Retro-Commissioning Market Penetration

51. Retro-Commissioning Market Penetration

52. Building Ownership and Occupancy Type

52. Building Ownership and Occupancy Type

53. Distribution Center Renovation Emissions Reduction Scenario

53. Distribution Center Renovation Emissions Reduction Scenario

57. U.S. Commercial Scope 1&2 Emissions Projections

57. U.S. Commercial Scope 1&2 Emissions Projections

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